First Person ( Concept )
http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/FirstPerson
Thing
|_ Abstract
|_ Linguistic Property
|_ Morphosyntactic Property
|_ Person Property
|_ First Person
Definition:
First is a person property that refers minimally to the speaker. It may also refer to the speaker combined with either the addressee or the non-participant or both, allowing for the following subdivisions: a) first person b) first person inclusive c) first person exclusive [Cysouw 2003].
submit a usage note
Usage Notes
submit an example
Examples
Language Code:
spn
The first example above, illustrating Indicative mood, may be compared with the second, which illustrates Subjunctive mood. Here, the subjunctive is used to express doubt about a proposition.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||||
| I believe that he is learning. |
References:
Palmer (2001:5) FROM Klein (1975)
Language Code:
fuv
In Nigerian Fulfulde, the exhortative is similar to the imperative command, except is only used with 1stPerson and 3rd person subject, expresses a peremptory command to begin an action that has not yet begun.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||
| Let's sit down! |
References:
McIntosh (1984:141)
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||||||||||
| He saw me when he was a small child. |
Language Code:
ltn
Palmer notes that the Timitive Mood tends to be expressed with a verb of fearing plus a subjunctive verb in a subordinate clause.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| |||||||||||
| I am afraid that I shall increase my work |
References:
Palmer (2001:133)
Language Code:
eus
NO_COMMENT
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
| I have bought some flowers for mother |
References:
Saltarelli (1988:156)
Language Code:
ygr
These examples illustrate a reportedly binary, future/non-future tense system. Interlinear glosses are constructed here based on Haiman's discussion of verb stem alternations and their structures. Haiman reports that in Hua, Non-future tense is indicated by the lack of an auxiliary. This example is a Non-future tense with Interrogative Mood.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||
| Did I do? |
References:
Haiman (1980:47, 140-1)
Language Code:
bsw
Paucal also known as 'lesser paucal' or 'small paucal' number refers to a few members of a specific class.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||||
| I watched a few lions |
References:
Corbett(2000:11)
Language Code:
bsw
General number refers to a noun without reference to a number; it is outside the number system.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||||
| I watched lion. |
References:
Corbett(2000:11)
Language Code:
crk
In Plains Cree, the inverse voice signals when actions proceed from ontologically less salient to more salient participants.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||||||
| The dog scares us. |
References:
Klaiman (1991:32) FROM Wolfart (1973:25)
Language Code:
sht
This is an example of the hortative in Shastan.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||
| Let me talk! |
References:
Mithin (1999:499) FROM Silver (1966)
Language Code:
sht
Volitive mode encodes that the speaker is willing to perform some action.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||
| I'll talk |
References:
Mithun (1999:499)
Language Code:
heb
Masculine and feminine cardinal numerals usually go with masculine and feminine nouns, respectively. These nouns may be explicit or just implied.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| |||||||||||||
| They asked for 5 bags and we brought 6. |
References:
Glinert (1989:80-81)
Language Code:
crk
In Plains Cree, the direct voice signals that the action proceeds in an ontologically salient way, i.e. that salience is assigned to nominals based on their referen'ts relative real-world capacities to control situations.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||||||
| We scare the dog. |
References:
Klaiman (1991:32) FROM Wolfart (1973:25)
Language Code:
tix
In Southern Tiwa, the locative passive is an oblique locative nominal that assumes the subject relation.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||||||
| The man came to me |
References:
Klaiman (1991:17) FROM Allen, Gardiner and Frantz (1984:304-5)
Language Code:
grc
A typical function of the middle in Greek is to indicate an identity relation between the subject (or more properly, the source argument) and the direct object (or more properly, the undergoer). That is, a middle voice verb may convey reflexive or reciprocal activity.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||
| I wash myself |
References:
Klaiman (1998:32)
Language Code:
fuv
In Nigerian Fulfulde, the active voice is associated with transitivity, when the action is performed by an agent (subject) on another participant (object), or with intransitivity.
2009-06-04 13:28:07
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||||
| I put a head- load on you. |
References:
McIntosh (1984:109)
2009-06-04 13:28:07
| ||||||||||
| I doubt that he is learning. |
| Properties | Values | Definition |
|---|
submit an issue
User Submitted Issues